Gray,Wolves,Returned,Endangere education Gray Wolves Returned To Endangered Species List
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Wolves are once again protected in the northern Rocky Mountains ofthe United States. On Tuesday, October 14th, 2008, a court victory forenvironmentalists returned gray wolves to the endangered species list.The northern Rocky Mountain gray wolf is returned to the list ofendangered and threatened species, with each of its componentpopulations having the same status under the Endangered Species Actsaid Federal Judge Donald Molly, in a written ruling handed down inMissoula, Montana. Twelve groups had challenged the United StatesGovernments decision in February 2008 to delist the gray wolf inIdaho, Montana and Wyoming.Passionate in their commitment to protect wolves, the challengersrefuted claims that the reintroduction of gray wolves had been asuccess. It was feared that delisting the species would lead to huntingof wolves, sanctioned by the authority of the individual states.Before the early settlers arrived, gray wolves ranged across most ofthe continental United States. As the settlers moved in and encroachedon the wilderness, the once massive herds of bison, elk and deer werescattered or annihilated. Natural predators, the carnivorous wolvesbegan to attack domestic livestock and the settlers retaliated. USgovernment agencies and ranchers paid a generous bounty on the pelts ofwolves trapped or shot by hunters. Ironically, wildlife studies haveshown that wolves have minimal negative impact on deer and elkpopulations, since they feed primarily on sick, weak or disabledindividuals.Until the introduction of the species in the early 1980s, graywolves had all but disappeared in the mainland United States. At thattime wolves began colonizing northwestern Montana near Glacier Park. In1995 and 1996, sixty-six wolves from Canada were released inYellowstone National Park in the hope that they would survive andmultiply.Since the release, the wolf population has increased throughdispersal and natural reproduction. US Forest Service studies reportover 1200 wolves in Montana, Idaho and Wyoming.The gray wolf or timber wolf is a social animal and lives in familygroupings called packs, which bond together to hunt large prey and todefend their territory against other wolves. Montana has 73 packs with415 wolves. This estimate includes 38 breeding pairs. Wolves normallyhave 4-6 pups per litter. Mineral County conservatively reports thatthere are 36 wolves in 7 packs. Mineral County represents less than onepercent of Montana's land mass, but has 18 percent of the state's wolfpopulation.The average gray wolf pack is about 6-8 animals. The pack grows andshrinks dependent on the season. In the spring and summer months,wolves focus on raising their young and stay in small groups to feedtheir pups. In the winter months, wolves form larger packs tofacilitate hunting and traveling. Wolves range over large distanceswith a territory size that varies from 50 to 1,000 square miles.The timber wolf is a magnificent creature. Canis Lupus plays acritical role in the natural ecosystem by restoring balance toMontanas diverse wildlife population. The unique experience ofencountering a wolf in the wild is a rare gift, a breath-taking,heart-pounding moment that few will ever have the opportunity to savor.With the reinstatement of the endangered species designation,perhaps the midnight howl of a gray wolf will be heard by futuregenerations.
Gray,Wolves,Returned,Endangere