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Evaluation of projects
The principle of efficiency determination is in comparing of the analyzed indicator with the base value. The following indicators are used for evaluation of projects:
- net present value (NPV);
- internal rate of return (IRR);
- profitability index (PI);
- rate of (price) change (ROC);
- payback period (PP).
NPV
This indicator is calculated as the difference between the investment and the current value of payments. NPV eliminates the time factor. If the net present value is > 0- the project is profitable; it is equal to 0, a volume increase will not boost profits; if it is !!- the project is profitable; if the profitability rate is < CC- the project is unprofitable, it should be rejected; if the profitability rate is = CC- the project is lossless, but it will not bring profit.
PI
The indicator "profitability index" is relative. It displays net cash flow- to-costs ratio. Due to this advantage, the indicator can be used for comparative assessment of different projects identifiable by the volume of initial investment. The profitability index should also be used to identify and exclude inefficient projects still pending.
Projects with a higher profitability index are more steady. However, do not forget that the great values of the coefficient do not always correspond to the level of net present value and vice versa.
ROC
ROC shows how the price is changed now compared to the period “N” in the past. It can be presented in points or as a percentage.
PP
The period during which the funds in an amount to compensate the initial investment will arrive, is called payback period. It is measured in months and years. As soon as the payback period comes, NPV becomes positive.
The decision about investing in the project is taken based on the above-mentioned indicators.
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