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The process of healing cardiovascular disease with vitamin C is not approved by the medical institutions and the pharmaceutical industry, which earns billions of dollars in surgeries and drugs that are used in allopathic therapies for various cardiac diseases. Canadian scientist discovery was confirmed in the late 80s by Dr. Linus Pauling, Nobel laureate, the most noted human of his time. The medical care developed by Dr. Pauling include vitamin C with added lysine (amino acid nutritional qualities, existing in most plant and animal proteins) and it works cleanly, healing cardiopathy once thought were incurable. Dr. Pauling medical care records healing miracles coronary diseases. It had been identified back then that vitamin C deficiency within the body weakens human arteries by forming induration of the arteries plaques (infiltration of the walls of the artery and arteries with fat), that blocks blood circulation. This paper aims to spotlight the importance of vitamin C for the treatment and prevention of circulatory diseases especially. The daily minimum demand of vitamin C at tissues and cells level for a healthy person is: 75 mg/day women, 90 mg/day for men, 100 mg/day smokers. But always need a bigger tank because these amounts could reach all tissues and cells of a healthy organism: about 500-1000 mg/day. When the body is disturbed or ill, quantities required to repair cells, are much higher 5000-10000 mg/day.Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin sensitive to heat and light, which plays an important role in the metabolism of humans and many other mammals. Chemically speaking, it is L-ascorbic acid, one of the stereoisomers of ascorbic acid and its salts, ascorbates. The most common are sodium ascorbate and calcium ascorbate.Vitamin C is an enzymatic cofactor involved in a number of physiological reactions (hydroxylation). It is required in the synthesis of collagen and red blood cells and contributes to the immune system. It also plays a role in iron metabolism as a promoter of its absorption; Its use is therefore deprecated in patients with iron overload and particularly hemochromatosis. In oxidized form (dehydroascorbic acid), it passes through the blood-brain barrier to access the brain and several organs with a high concentration of vitamin C. Skeletal muscles quickly respond to vitamin C intake, but also rapidly lose it, Vitamin intake is insufficient. It is an antioxidant, a molecule capable of countering the harmful action of oxidants such as radicals. For this purpose, D-ascorbic acid is also used which, unlike L-ascorbic acid, does not exhibit vitamin activity. Very fragile in solution, it is destroyed in contact with air (by oxidation) or under exposure to light (by ultraviolet action) and heat accelerates these processes. The heat of cooking food destroys vitamin C.While most mammals are capable of synthesizing it in their liver or kidneys (this is not a vitamin for them), the majority of primates (including humans), guinea pigs and some Birds and fish are unable to do so. This would be the result of a genetic mutation that occurred 40 million years ago, blocking the transformation of glucose into ascorbic acid. Animals lacking this ability to synthesize vitamin C must therefore draw it from their diet.Several hypotheses have been formulated to explain the loss, in the ancestor of humans and great apes, of the ability to produce vitamin C. Richard J. Johnson, a specialist in cardiovascular disease and uric acid (Another genetic error practically characteristic of large primates, including humans), suggests that uric acid and the lack of vitamin C, two pro-inflammatory factors, would have given an evolutionary advantage by promoting fat retention Recognized for oxidative stress and inflammation), useful during the late Eocene and Middle Miocene famines, contemporaneous with these genetic mutations.The European guidelines recommend a daily intake of 75 mg for a woman and 90 mg for a man. For example, an orange brings on average 53 mg of vitamin C (40 to 80 mg per 100 g).Guinea PigThe guinea pig is one of the few species that share with primates the inability to produce vitamin C.In France, AFSSA recommends a daily intake of 110 mg for an adult of 20 to 60 years. People exposed more to the harmful effects of oxidants, such as smokers, have an increased need for vitamin C (125 mg according to the Higher Council of Hygiene of Belgium). Some scientists, such as Linus Pauling (Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954), consider that the recommended dietary intakes should be at least 6,000 mg or even 18,000 mg.In free-ranging primates, nutritional analyzes show a daily intake of 2,000-8,000 mg per day for primates of comparable weight (chimpanzees) or slightly higher (gorillas) than those of humans. 25 mg of vitamin C per kilogram of weight is recommended for all primates in captivity, i.e., for a chimpanzee of average weight (70 kg), 1750 mg per day.NAC veterinarians recommend 20 mg of vitamin C for guinea pigs and 30-60 mg for pregnant females, ie roughly half of the recommended intake for a human being with a body mass 80 times higher Average body mass of adult guinea pig is 1 kg, that of the male human varies around 80 kg.A very rare vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy, when the intake is less than 10 mg per day. The more discrete hypovitaminoses are widespread and result in asthenia, weight loss, headaches, bone pain, increased susceptibility to infections and sometimes haemorrhagic problems.Vitamin C is non-toxic at doses usually absorbed for a healthy individual.Since its synthesis in the 1930s, vitamin C is used at all doses throughout the world. The only side effects associated with its use that are established are benign diarrhea and diuretic action. These occur when consumed too quickly and in too great a quantity. Since the organism cannot store it, it eliminates the excess.Clinical Studies ShowThat vitamin C intake does not increase or even reduce the incidence of kidney stones;That vitamin C has no mutagenic effect (study on doses up to 5000 mg per day).In vivo studies show that vitamin C, even in the presence of transition metals, has no mutagenic effect and instead protects cells from the mutagenic action of hydrogen peroxide.Symptoms of vitamin C overdose may include: (and/or) nausea, vomiting, headache, rash, asthenia.For doses above 500 mg/d, an increase in oxalic acid production may induce a risk of oxalate kidney stones. This side effect is controversial by some studies. Indeed, plants that bring vitamin C also bring oxalates, resulting in confusion. Finally, other recent studies confirm the safety of vitamin C up to 2000 mg/d.Some authors, like Thomas Levy, support the safety of higher doses, 6 to 12 g/d in optimal dose according to individuals. Levy notes that some symptoms observed between 500 mg and 1000 mg/d are transient and due to suboptimal doses and disappear at higher concentrations, pointing out that often impact studies are based on high doses but (E.g., for cataract risk one study suggests doses of vitamin C and E combined with mean values of 1000 mg and 100 mg, respectively). The most commonly used dose of vitamin C and vitamin E as single supplements was Estimated to be ≈1,000 mg and ≈100 mg, respectively ").As a medical treatment, vitamin C has some recognized indications: The prevention or treatment of scurvy, avitaminosis C, idiopathic methaemoglobinaemia of the infant and methaemoglobinemia in G6PD-deficient subjects.It is a molecule commonly used in self-medication: More than 10% of Americans consume it.Vitamin C administered intravenously would relieve fatigue within two hours, an effect that continued at least until the day following administration, which is notable as the pharmacokinetics of vitamin C intravenously predicts an increase Blood levels of vitamin C for only four to six hours. Oxidative stress, as assessed by the Free Oxygen Radicals Test (FORT) method, also decreased.Orally, a moderate dose of vitamin C (500 mg) could reduce the feeling of fatigue and stress in obese people on a low calorie diet.A common misconception is that vitamin C prevents sleep, but this may prove to be inaccurate.It is the punctual supplementation following a long deficit that would cause this effect, a sufficient supplementation in the longer term would even have the opposite effect that would help to fall asleep.This vitamin is widely used in self-medication in the common cold. It seems to shorten the duration of the symptoms and improve, at least in adults, the effectiveness in the child seems unproven.In the 1970s, American Linus Pauling (Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 and Nobel Peace Prize in 1962) advocated 1 g of vitamin C per hour from the first symptoms to regress the infection. But today, studies tend to show that vitamin C has no preventive effect against the common cold. Some authors observe that meta-analyzes, such as the 2004 Cochrane Collaboration, which include only studies where the vitamin has been administered only once a day, do not disprove Pauling's assertions. Since 2013, the Cochrane Group recognizes that randomized trials are necessary and recommends, despite this, supplementation, given its low cost, potential benefits and accumulated weight of evidence.In 1939, it was reported that 34 workers who had absorbed lead had been treated with vitamin C. Recently, an animal study showed that vitamin C had a protective effect against lead poisoning Nervous and muscular functions. In the case of smokers, administration of 1000 mg of vitamin C resulted in an average reduction of 81% in blood lead concentrations, while 200 mg remained unchanged. The authors concluded that vitamin C supplementation could be an economical and practical way to lower lead levels in the blood. A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association concludes that if the causal link was well demonstrated, the inverse correlation between lead and vitamin C in blood found in a national survey would have an impact on The public health plan in general.One of the diseases most likely to be treated with pharmacological doses of ascorbate is AIDS. The controversy has been going on for more than 16 years, since the publication of a study to show that ascorbate, in non-toxic doses to humans, halted HIV replication in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States. Other studies by the same authors have followed and supported these findings, but no major clinical studies have been undertaken.In the treatment of cancer, Linus Pauling, drawing inspiration from the work of Irwin Stone, gives the idea of a much higher ascorbic acid intake than suggested by the RDAs (of the order of 10 to 20 grams per day). A favorable effect appears to exist in cell cultures or in animals, in particular an inhibition of cell proliferation, but no satisfactory proof exists in human beings for curative or preventive purposes. In particular, the Swiss Society for the Fight Against Cancer emphasizes the weaknesses in the scientific dossier of Matthias Rath, another promoter of the use of vitamin C against cancer. Matthias Rath was also convicted of unauthorized therapeutic trials and accused of killing HIV patients using vitamins as anti-HIV therapy in place of antiretrovirals.According to a 2008 study by the American Institute of Health, ascorbic acid injected intravenously at high doses would halve the growth of laboratory mouse tumors.In contrast, a study by Dr. Mark Heaney of Columbia University concludes that supplementation with vitamin C may decrease the efficacy of chemotherapy treatments by 30-70%. For Fatima Mechta-Grigoriou, research director at Inserm and head of the stress and cancer team at the Institute Curie, this is a "very preliminary" analysis that does not tell us what impact Has vitamin C on the therapeutic effects of anticancer drugs.In 2010, a meta-analysis reviewing 33 years of research on the relationship between vitamin C and cancer concludes: "We must conclude that we still do not know if vitamin C has any clinically significant antitumor activity. We also do not know which types of cancers, if any, are likely to react to vitamin C. Finally, we do not know what the recommended dose, if such a dose exists, in order to produce an antitumor response."This analysis was criticized by Dr. Andrew W. Saul. The main points of his rejoinder are:It is wrong to say that we do not know how much vitamin C effectively fights cancer and doctors have a duty to their patients to recommend vitamin C as a complementary treatment;There are several studies with controls showing that vitamin C increases the duration and quality of life,The effective dose is between 10,000 and 100,000 milligrams intravenously,The positive results obtained by Pauling and Cameron, underlined by Cabanillas, were not contradicted by those of Moertel and the Mayo Clinic:The treatments were interrupted at the first sign of aggravation, which is never done during chemotherapies,The dose was administered orally and not intravenously, thus decreasing the dose actually absorbed (Nevertheless, the initial study of de Pauling and Cameron also included oral doses and their study was not randomized, Contrary to that made by the Mayo Clinic. The protocol, put in place by the Mayo Clinic, was done in agreement with Pauling, who rather refuted the results on the basis that chemo And radiation therapy could "damage" the immune system, but never attacked the oral doses protocol).The results of Pauling and Cameron have in fact been confirmed by Murata and Lasagna:Murata achieved even better results with its terminally ill patients,Lasagna concluded that it was untenable not to give vitamin C to cancer patients,The oncologist Victor Marcial reports that:About 75% of tumors decreased by 50% or more with intravenous vitamin C in 40 patients in stage 4 (with metastases) who did not respond to conventional treatments (radiotherapy, chemotherapy),Vitamin C increases the effects of radiotherapy and reduces adverse effects.These few favorable results should not overshadow all the others, unfavorable, not cited by Andrew W. Saul, highlighted in the meta-analysis.Amounts between 1,000 mg and 3,000 mg/day (divided into several doses due to a risk of renal toxicity) are proposed as a therapeutic trial in the treatment of an inherited neurological disease, Charcot- Marie-Tooth type 1A. The clinical trial in these patients could only be considered after a preclinical trial, carried out on a murine model of the disease showing encouraging results.Orthomolecular medicine advocated in particular by Linus Pauling, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, recommends a consumption of vitamin C of 2 to 20 g/day which can be increased in case of illness, based on the first works of Irwin Stone. Linus Pauling studied the role of vitamin C in the prevention of colds and the treatment of cancer. This vitamin, administered in appropriate form by appropriate techniques, in sufficiently frequent doses, in sufficiently high doses, in conjunction with certain agents and for a sufficient period of time, would be capable of preventing or even curing a large number of diseases, Including influenza, cancer or coronary heart disease. These hypotheses have not been confirmed by other larger and more recent studies, whether for influenza, cancer or cardiovascular disease.It may be protective at the renal level, with a lower frequency of renal failure if an iodinated contrast agent is injected during a radiological examination.In combination with other antioxidants, it may contribute to the prevention of age-related macular degeneration or even coronary artery disease.Vitamin C could play an important role in the regulation of cholesterol synthesis.Taking vitamin C may decrease the risk of gout.Vitamin C, injected early intravenously, is part of the treatment of phalloid poisoning proposed by Dr. Pierre Bastien.Age-related diseases and associated immune dysfunctions may be limited by absorption of vitamin C supplements.In infertile men, vitamin C supplementation has been shown to improve sperm quality (morphology and sperm motility) and increase the number of spermatozoa.Australian physician Archie Kalokerinos, adhering to Linus Pauling's theses on orthomolecular medicine and vitamin C, states in 1981 that the high infant mortality observed among aboriginal children and in particular sudden infant death, Due to a lack of vitamin C and therefore to scurvy and that this mortality would be further aggravated by the vaccinations. This hypothesis has never been validated by the scientific community.The American doctor Claus Washington Jungeblut (en) issued in 1935 the hypothesis that vitamin C can inactivate the poliomyelitis virus. He published a series of papers between 1936 and 1939 in which he showed that the administration of ascorbic acid in infected monkeys decreased the severity of the disease. Albert Sabin tried to reproduce these results but did not succeed, which put an end to this way of research. Dr. Fred R. Klenner told the Applied Nutrition Association of the United States that Sabin had refused to follow Jungleblut's advice on the necessary vitamin C dose and had imposed a much higher viral load on his rhesus monkeys than in the initial experiences. Klenner, for his part, announced clinical results obtained in particular during the 1948 epidemic confirming the results of Jungleblut.According to studies conducted in 1967 and 1993, vitamin C supplementation would decrease the severity of symptoms in children with autism, but the optimal dosage remains to be determined.The appearance of multivisceral failure syndrome, which for traumatologists is one of the main signs of death, appears less frequently in patients receiving vitamin C; This vitamin also reduces the length of stay in intensive care.Vitamin C would have a protective effect against nicotine on the lungs in formations of a fetus. Supplementation in pregnant smokers improves the respiratory function of the newborn and reduces the risk of wheezing.The allergy could be caused by environmental pollutants that disrupt the histamine cycle. Several studies have shown that taking vitamin C has reduced or suppressed the symptoms of allergies. It also has an effect against asthma by replacing the bronchoconstrictor PGF2 synthesis with that of the bronchodilator PGE2. Finally, it protects against the accumulation of histamine.Intestinal tolerance refers to the amount of vitamin C that can be absorbed by the intestine within a given time. When this amount is reached, the unabsorbed vitamin C is eliminated in the stool. During its journey, it attracts water into the intestine which produces transient diarrhea. This is one of the reasons why one cannot get intoxicated with vitamin C. Some scientists propose the hypothesis that vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin, insufficient intake of dilution water at the time of vitamin intake C could be the cause of intestinal disorders.The quantities produced by the animals vary according to their state of stress and health. A stressed or sick animal can produce several tens of grams per day. This variable production of ascorbate in animals can be compared with the variability of intestinal tolerance in humans. When a human is sick or stressed, his intestinal tolerance to vitamin C increases, allowing him to absorb more vitamin C than normal. Variability in intestinal tolerance suggests an increased need for vitamin C in periods of stress or disease, as seen in animals that synthesize vitamin C (Vitamine C. Wikipedia).If we consider the statistics established by WHO regarding the annual deaths caused by coronary artery disease, since the discovery made by Canadian researchers in the 50s until today, were billion earthlings which died of cardiovascular disease, that could be cured with vitamin C, if mankind could have benefited by the experimental results of Canadian researchers team. Deaths from heart disease (caused by chronic scurvy) could be avoided by a simple treatment with vitamin C (Willis, 1953, 1957; Willis et al., 1954).What are not told to the patients is the fact that open heart surgery fails in 40-50% proportion of cases, since the disease soon recurs after surgery. Solving the most safe and effective known heart disease, it consists of daily administration of a dose of 6000 to 10,000 mg vitamin C (Abdul-Razzak et al., 2012; Abou-Zeid, 2014; Ahmed et al., 2011; Ajith et al., 2007; 2009; Antunes et al., 2000; Atasayar et al., 2009; Babaev et al., 2010; 2011; Barja et al., 1994).It was known long ago that vitamin C deficiency in the body weakens human arteries by forming atherosclerotic plaques (infiltration of the walls of the aorta and arteries with fat), which blocks blood circulation. Dr. Pauling and his team found that upon submission of atheromatous plaques within the arteries, often occurs rupture of a weakened artery and resulting blood clots that lead to heart attack or stroke.Scurvy chronic responsible for heart disease, it was confirmed by cardioretinometry and was healed by daily doses of vitamin C, by Dr. Sidney Bush, from UK. Dr. Sidney Bush noted that building plagues are reduced and disappear following daily doses of up to 10,000 mg vitamin C. Based on these observations he developed a new method of diagnosing coronary disease, called cardioretinometry (Vitamin C Foundation).Pericorneal vascularization demonstrates that all people are affected at some point by scurvy, most of them suffering from this condition all the time. Chronic subclinical form, unknown widely, can be diagnosed using sequential electronic retinal arterial images and cured by varying amounts of vitamin C associated with some nutrients (Buzea et al., 2015; Calderon et al., 2002; El-Gendy et al., 2009; Enstrom, 2014; Gladys Block;  Ha et al., 2010; Hansen et al., 2014; Hickey and Roberts, 2007; Kalender et al., 2010; Kunutsor et al., 2016;  Marín et al., 2014; Matsuda et al., 1992; Nakata and Maeda, 2002; Nefic, 2001; Noh et al., 2005; Petrescu et al., 2015; Petrescu and Petrescu, 2015; Pierce et al., 2013; Rath and Pauling, 1990; Rath, 2003; Ravnskov, 2009; Salama et al., 2013; Santos et al., 2008; Seo and Lee, 2002; Shalan et al., 2005; Sun et al., 2000; Ulatowski et al., 2011; 2014; Ulatowski and Manor, 2015; Verrax et al., 2003; Verrax and Calderon, 2008; Vitamin C Foundation; WALTER BLUMER; Willis, 1953; 1957; Willis et al., 1954; WSite of Richard T. 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