Glacier,National,Park,Crown,Je education Glacier National Park - A Crown Jewel Of Montana

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The most visited place in Montana, Glacier National Park is a crownjewel in America’s National Park System. The park derived its name fromthe more than 50 perennial ice fields within its 1600 square miles ofpristine wilderness that spans the Continental Divide. The park hasover 200 alpine lakes, 700 miles of maintained hiking trails and almost1000 miles of creeks, rivers and waterfalls.Mystical, primal forests, rugged majestic mountains and wildflower blanketedalpine meadows are all part of one of the largest, bio-diverse andintact ecosystems to be found in the lower 48 states. In 1979, theUnited Nations designated Waterton - Glacier International Peace Parkas the world’s first International Biosphere Reserve. Further honorswere bestowed upon the park in 1995 when UNESCO honored the park’sinternational significance by designating it a World Heritage Site.For over 20,000 years glaciers have crafted and carved this majesticlandscape. A glacier is a slowly moving mass of snow and ice formedwhen more snow falls each winter than melts in the following summer.The heavy snowfall accumulates and the weight creates pressure andforms the lower layers into solid ice. The bottom layer is flexible,allowing the glacier to progress. As glaciers move they pick upboulders, rocks and gravel which sculpts and scrapes the land ittravels across. Over thousands of years, glacial movement forged themagnificent sharp mountain peaks, deep valleys and lakes that make upthe extraordinary landscape of the park.The dense forests of this vast pristine ecosystem are inhabited by morethan 70 species of mammals including grizzly bears, wolves, cougars,big horn sheep, mountain goats, elk, deer, moose, beavers andwolverine. More than 260 species of birds ride the winds.Exquisite wildflowers flourish in alpine meadows and prairie grasslands; over1400 species of wildflowers bloom in the park. 28 of these arevarieties that are found nowhere else but within Glacier National Park.Icy, sparkling clear, clean water; in Glacier Park there is watereverywhere. Water covers over 2000 acres of the park. Glorious chainsof waterfalls, hundreds of lakes and over 550 creeks and rivers. SacredDancing Cascades is a series of waterfalls that are favorites of allwho visit.Many people consider the Going-To-The-Sun Road, a spectacular 52 milestretch of tarmac that divides north and south Glacier National Park,to be one of the most scenic roadways in America. Traversing the parkfrom east to west, the “Sun Road” is considered an engineering miracle.The construction of this incredible roadway took over 11 years and tensof thousands of man hours to complete. The final segment of theGoing-To-The-Sun Road, over Logan Pass, was finished in 1932 and todayis a National Historic Landmark. The road allowed visitors by car toaccess the park and enjoy areas that previously had taken several daysof horseback riding to reach.Glacier National Park is actually half of the world’s first International Park.In 1932, to honor the friendly relations and neighborly bond betweenthe two countries, the United States and Canada named Glacier andCanada’s adjoining Waterton Lakes National Park the Waterton-GlacierInternational Peace Park. The re-naming of the parks also honored thecharacter of this massive wilderness and the cooperation and sharedstewardship required to protect and maintain the park system.Prior to the white man’s invasion of the American West, the Kootenai, Salishand Blackfeet Indian Tribes lived and hunted in this majesticwilderness. The entire region holds great spiritual significance forNative Americans who held its secrets sacred.When their freedom was shackled and the tribes were forced ontoreservations, the Kootenai and Salish were relocated southwest ofGlacier. The Blackfeet Reservation adjoins the east side of the park.On Chief Mountain at the northwest boundary of the park, Plains IndianTribes continue to hold prayer ceremonies and vision quests.In 1806, the Lewis and Clark Expedition journeyed within 80 miles of thearea that is now Glacier Park. In 1815, a fur trapper for the HudsonBay Company of Canada, Hugh Monroe, (called “Rising Wolf’ by theBlackfeet Indians), was the first white man to enter the area. Soonother trappers followed in search of the beaver pelts so much in demandin Europe.Fueled by the discovery of gold, settlement of the west was expanding. Whenthe Great Northern Railroad completed construction of the railway overMarias Pass in 1891, homesteaders settled into the lush valleys andsmall towns sprang up.The United States government, under extreme pressure from settlers andminers, acquired the mountains east of the Continental Divide from theBlackfeet Tribe in 1895. The treasure hunter’s dreams were dashed whenthey failed to find a bonanza. Although some gold and copper was found,the mining boom only lasted a few brief years. Abandoned mine shaftsand tailing piles are still found in several locations within the park.By the turn of the century, the public started to view and value the landfor its incredible, breathtaking beauty. Rather than just judging theland for its potential for financial exploitation, many factions movedto preserve the fragile ecosystem.Many people, such as George Bird Grinnell, an early explorer of Montana,lobbied for the creation of a national park. The area became a ForestPreserve in 1900, but remained open to homesteading and mining.Grinnell and other dedicated conservationists petitioned for the addedprotection a national park would offer. In 1910, George Grinnell wasdelighted when all the hard work paid off. President Taft signedlegislation making Glacier the nation’s 10th National Park.Likeglaciers all over the world, the glaciers of Glacier National Park aremelting. Inch by inch, warming temperatures are consuming the icemasses. The change is not dramatic unless you compare today's glacierswith those of 50 years ago. There are almost 100 less glaciers todaythan there were five decades ago. Scientists predict that if globalwarming is not curtailed, there may not be a single glacier left by2030. If you haven’t seen Glacier Park go soon and take thegrandchildren, the glaciers of the park may soon be only a memory.