Woodpeckers,Montana,you,spend, education Woodpeckers of Montana
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If you spend time in the woods of Montana, you are undoubtedlyfamiliar with the rhythmic rat-tat-tat of the woodpecker as it chiselsits beak into the bark of a tree. Their familiar drum rolls are heardmost often in the spring but are common all year long.This drumming cadence is unique to the woodpecker and a welcomesound in the forest canopy. Both sexes of woodpeckers drum throughoutthe year, however; they are even more rambunctious and noisy during thebreeding season. Drumming or hammering serves to advertise theirterritory and to attract a mate.Much of the signaling, foraging and breeding activities ofwoodpeckers involves the woodpecker's bill. Woodpeckers have extremelystrong bills for drumming and drilling on trees and long sticky tonguesto extract food. Although used repeatedly over its lifetime, thewoodpeckers beak never needs sharpening. It can cut into a tree like asteel chisel and never dull.To prevent brain damage, nature had provided a number of adaptationsto protect the woodpeckers brain. The birds brain is rather small andis positioned to minimize contact between the brain and the skull. Thewoodpeckers eyes are also unusual in that a millisecond before contactwith the tree, a thick nictitan membrane closes over the birds eye toprotect it from flying debris. The slit-like nostrils are alsoprotected by special feathers to cover them from wood dust.Woodpeckers exhibit a diverse variety of vocal sounds including astrange rattle-like sound that is often vocalized during antagonisticencounters with other birds that encroach on their territory.Woodpeckers also emit a high pitched squeal that sounds like an injuredanimal. This sound is an unsettling warning to predators and has beenknown to run cold chills down the back of many a hiker.Woodpeckers are monogamous and both sexes share incubation dutiesand care for the young. They will usually have between 3 and 6hatchlings and normally mate once a year.Woodpeckers are quite beneficial as they eat huge quantities ofinsects. They are especially appreciated for the role they play incontrolling the current infestation of Mountain Pine Beetle thatplagues the Northwest. When the beetle burrows into the bark and laysits eggs, the larvae feast on the substance of the tree for a yearbefore reaching adulthood. About the size of a grain of rice, millionsof these grubs are devoured by woodpeckers. With its barbed, longsticky tongue, a single woodpecker can consume as many as 14,000 grubsin a single season. A woodpeckers diet also includes seeds, berries,fruit and tree sap. Huckleberries are a favored treat.Woodpeckers inhabit coniferous and mixed forest groves across thestate and resident woodpeckers can be seen throughout the year.Wood-peckers normally build their nests in dead or burned trees and areparticularly attracted to areas marked by forest fire. Scientificstudies show that woodpeckers are up to 20 times more abundant inburned areas versus unburned forests.Montana is home to seven species of woodpeckers; Downy, Hairy, BlackBacked, Three toed, Red-headed, the Northern Flicker and theYellow-bellied and Red-bellied Sapsucker. These bird species are in theFamily Picidae and are collectively called woodpeckers.Cold north winds are a reminder that wild food is scarce for all thebirds for the duration of the winter. Woodpeckers are attracted to birdfeeders that offer suet, raisins or peanut butter. Enjoy the delightfulcolor of woodpeckers and happy birding.
Woodpeckers,Montana,you,spend,