Low-Emission,Vehicles,and,the, car Low-Emission Vehicles and the Effects on Environment
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Alow emission vehicle (LEV) is a motor vehicle that emits less than193 g/mile of CO2. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is the pollutant that has thestrongest impact on the environment. Other toxic substances thatvehicles emit include sulfur, carbon monoxide (CM), nitrous oxide(NOX), and hydrocarbons (HC). Aside from LEVs, there are severaladditional categories that further determine the level of emission ofa vehicle: ultra-low emission vehicle (ULEV), super-ultra-lowemission vehicle (SULEV) and zero-emission vehicle (ZEV).Carsthat meet SULEV standards include Honda Insight and Toyota Prius, aswell as the Ford Focus SULEV variant. However, with the enormousadvances in technology we are witnessing today, the goal is toproduce as much zero-emission vehicles as possible, and many carmakers already invest a lot of money doing just that. Zero-emissionvehicles are electric and hybrid cars, that are in use nowadays.Electricvehicles run or electric motors, that are powered by rechargeablebatteries. They emit no pollutants and work quietly, thuscontributing to reducing noise pollution, as well. Downsides to thistechnology is that electric vehicles get significantly lower mileagethan gasoline-powered vehicles by as much as 50%, and the time theytake to be charged is pretty long - it can last 7-8 hours. Thesecars, like all other products that involve new technologies, arepretty expensive, because of high production costs.Hybridcars use internal combustion engines in combination with electricmotors for propulsion. The thing with hybrid vehicles is that theyprovide better performances than electric cars, but have higheremission levels due to the use of fossil fuels. Hybrids use thegasoline-powered engine to power the electric motor while driving, soit doesn't need to be recharged. They are less expensive, and morepeople can afford hybrids, such as Toyota Prius or Honda Insight,compared to electric vehicles.Latestexperiments aiming to produce affordable zero-emission vehiclesinclude fuel cell technology. These vehicles run on hydrogen, whichis transformed into electricity by fuel cells to power an electricmotor. Experts say fuel cell vehicles shouldn't be too expensive oncethey become mass-produced. One of the major negative effects is thehydrogen extraction process, because it is not readily available. Ithas to be extracted from fossil fuels, which creates pollution. Otherenvironmentally-friendly technologies include biofuels, natural gas,and liquid petroleum gas and achieve some positive results in testing. Article Tags: Emission Vehicle, Zero-emission Vehicles, Electric Vehicles
Low-Emission,Vehicles,and,the,