Brief,History,4WD,The,Evolutio car A Brief History Of 4WD: The Evolution Of The SUV
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There are more SUVs and 4WD vehicles on the road than ever, with everyone from adventurous singles to extended families falling in love with the versatility of cars that can take them nearly everywhere safely. In fact, four wheel drive has been around in some form much longer than most people realise.Turn Of The Century RootsMany people are surprised to discover that four wheel drive was actually invented around 1900, when an Austrian-German auto designer developed the first trucks with a version of 4WD for an Austrian truck manufacturer. Because this early version used independent, electric motors on each wheel hub, it is commonly overlooked. This early electronic wheel control system was later picked up by NASA, however, where it was used in the 1960's to manoeuvre the Lunar Rover over uneven terrain on the moon.In 1902, a Dutch company created the first true four wheel drive using a drive train that allowed all four wheels to simultaneously receive and take advantage of torque from the motor. This design was quickly mimicked by a variety of manufacturers, including leading, luxury car manufacturers in Europe and the United States.First World WarDuring World War I, both the British and U.S. militaries requested an all-terrain truck that was rugged and able to ride over difficult terrain in any weather. The result was a line of general utility trucks that could reliably transport supplies and be used for transporting the wounded. They were incredibly durable, stripped down vehicles that were long on handling and short on looks. After the war was over, they quickly faded from the scene.Some drivers liked the idea of a practical truck with innovative handling, however, and one U.S. company began converting trucks to 4WD in the 1930's. The popularity of this retrofitting lead to a few European manufacturers giving a second look to the drive system. The result was a selection of four wheel drive vehicles that were soon in demand as government passenger cars. These never became popular in the mainstream, but they did have some loyal fans.World War II's 4WD RevolutionDuring World War II, four wheel drive really took off due to the iconic vehicle that was created, once again, for the U.S. and British militaries. The U.S. government ordered hundreds of vehicles that could drive over bombed out fields, through forested areas and take even the steepest slopes and worst weather without problems. A 4WD fit the bill perfectly. On returning to the states, GIs remembered their four wheel drives fondly and began bringing them home in whatever way they could. Soon, the manufacturer was offering a civilian version on American soil.1963 And BeyondBy the mid-60's, outdoor types, surfers and just about anyone who wanted reliable transportation that would perform on unreliable roads had discovered the beauty of all-terrain vehicles. In 1963, the first four wheel drive with independent front suspension was introduced to American drivers. The 60's also saw the advent of an automatic transmission option because manufacturers were responding to consumers' desire for driving ease in a utilitarian workhorse. Refinements for better off-road capability and interior passenger comfort began to transform a formerly utilitarian option into a something much more. It was the birth of the original Sport Utility Vehicles, although the name would come later as a part of innovative advertising approaches that targeted the right demographics.In the last few decades, SUVs and 4WD vehicles have grown to become a part of the urban as well as the rural landscape. Today's drivers know and love these versatile vehicles because they give them the ability to travel safely in the cities, take on incredible off-road challenges, and still give them superior comfort. Article Tags: Four Wheel Drive, Four Wheel, Wheel Drive
Brief,History,4WD,The,Evolutio