Four,Wheel,Drive,Systems,Thatm car Four Wheel Drive Systems
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Thatmeans that many people have questions about how their four wheel drivevehicles work. Let's take a look at some of the current systems on themarket. That'll help you have an easier time selecting the right carparts for your vehicle and understand how your car handles.We've seen four wheel drive systems, also labeled 4WD or 4x4systems, on trucks for a long time. These are the simplest systemavailable. These vehicles may use a lever to shift them between two andfour wheel driver, or a switch to shift modes. In two wheel drive, onlythe rear wheels are operational. When 4x4 mode is engaged, all thewheels drive at once. Since the front and wheel axles are lockedtogether, use this mode on surfaces where tires may slip.Don't use this mode on pavement surfaces, hard packed areas or otherplaces which are very hard and smooth, because minor differences intire size may cause the axles to turn at separate speeds. This cancause what's called windup or binding in the transfer case. If you keepdriving with this occurring the transfer case or axles may be ruined.4x4 mode has a reputation for being good is slick or icy conditions,but this binding can actually make corning difficult, since the tiresdon't use the same paths during a turn. That can make your vehicleslide out of control all of a sudden.The automatic transfer cases you'll find in many SUVs and trucksmake braking and cornering much safer. These systems have an autoposition on their shift controls, and offer rear wheel drive and 4x4mode, too. Select auto mode when you're driving on surfaces wheretraction may be uneven. This will allow the vehicle to operate in twowheel drive until the tires start spinning then switch to 4x4 mode. Assoon as slipping stops, you go back to two wheel drive again. Thisprevents driveline binding. An ABS system makes barking much safer,too. Always use two wheel drive mode on the highway if you have one ofthese vehicles, since some binding can occur due to differences in tiresize.All wheel drive is another type of four wheel drive system, seen onSUVs and trucks, and on many models of cars. If you have a Jeep, thesystem may be called full time, instead. These systems have a transfercase that allows the front and rear axles to work at the same time,without locking them. There are a number of different variations on allwheel drive. Some types split the torque between the front and rearwheels, putting most on the rear. These systems, offered by Volvo,Subaru, Jaguar, Porsche and similar companies, provide excellenthandling and traction on any surface.Other systems use a silicone filled clutch inside the transfer caseitself. This allows a few differences in axle speeds, but tends to lockup when the differences between the two are too great. There are stillother all wheel drive systems that are mostly front wheel drive, buthave rear drive as a backup. Honda's CRV requires the front wheels toslip before the rear ones kick in, which might make a difference onslick surfaces. Nissan's Pathfinder couples the rear axle at start up,then put torque on the front when no tire slip happens. This is morereliable for a slippery start.There are lots of different variants on four wheel drive systems.Some work well on hard surfaces, while others should never be run onthese surfaces. Some systems use four wheel drive at all times, whileothers work mostly as front wheel drive with an auxiliary rear drive asneeded. Unfortunately, even many auto salespeople don't know thedifference. Try talking to the service department, instead, or take thetime to learn all about the differences yourself. In the end, you'll beglad you had this information. You could save yourself some high repairbills and avoid buying unnecessary car parts. Learning about yourparticular vehicle's type of four wheel drive is just a smart idea.
Four,Wheel,Drive,Systems,Thatm